Poisoning in dogs and cats is a potentially hazardous situation that requires the utmost attention from pet owners. In this article, we will explore the common causes of poisoning, the symptoms to recognise and what to do in case of suspected poisoning.
Possible threats
Several commonly used substances, from the plants in our flat or garden to the detergents we use to clean the house, can poison our pets.
- Toxic foods: Dogs and cats can ingest toxic foods often found in the home. Chocolate, grapes, onions, garlic and even coffee fall into this category. It is essential to avoid giving them these substances.
- Poisonous plants: Some ornamental or garden plants can be toxic for our furry friends. For example, lily, jasmine and azalea can cause severe neurological disorders if ingested.
- Household chemicals: detergents, pesticides and other commonly used chemicals can become dangerous again if our pets ingest them. Make sure to store them safely, out of their reach. Among the most common causes of poisoning are rat poison and snail poison, extremely toxic chemical poisons (even to humans). The former poison, in particular, causes typical symptoms such as vomiting with blood, diarrhoea with blood, difficulty in standing, a tense abdomen, loss of consciousness and convulsions. Ingestion of rat poison by dogs and cats is lethal if not treated within the first few hours of intake.
Symptoms of poisoning
Common symptoms of poisoning include vomiting (even with blood), diarrhoea, lethargy and loss of appetite.
If you notice these signs, perhaps after a walk in the park where you lost sight of your dog or if you saw your cat eating something unusual, you must contact your vet immediately and remain calm.
More and less dangerous
Some substances can have lethal effects while others fortunately do not, with the latter having a higher probability of survival after ingestion.
The most dangerous ones are:
- Household chemicals (antifreeze, ammonia, etc.): they have lethal effects that can include collapse, respiratory difficulties, convulsions and, in the most severe cases, death.
- Poisonous plants (azaleas, lilies, etc.): lethal effects may include heart problems, kidney failure, collapse and, in severe cases, death.
- Human medicines: lethal effects may lead to severe neurological disorders, liver failure, cardiac arrest and, in severe cases, death.
Other - Agricultural chemicals, poisons or pesticides: lethal effects may cause severe nervous system damage, multi-organ failure and, in severe cases, death.
On the other hand, their toxic effect is hardly fatal:
- Household detergents (dishwashing liquid, soap, laundry detergent);
- Some fruits (avocados, grapes, etc.);
- Most mushrooms.
The degree of toxicity depends on how much has been ingested and how symptoms are present. In case of suspected poisoning, consult a veterinarian or an animal poison control centre immediately for appropriate assistance. Your vet will give you first aid advice, such as how to induce vomiting or secure the convulsing dog.
In the case of poisoning with rat poison, the administration of vitamin Le, an antagonist of the poison that causes extensive internal bleeding, is recommended. Vitamin K is not a freely available drug, but it is good to always have a supply in case of need; ask your vet for more information.
How to prevent poisoning
- Awareness: Awareness is essential. Learn to recognise poisonous foods, plants, and substances for your pets and make sure other family members are informed. This will help you avoid dangerous situations.
- Safety in the home: Keep chemicals and dangerous substances out of the reach of pets. Make sure they are properly closed and stored in safe places. Check if your garden has poisonous plants and remove them if necessary.
- Check during outings: watch your pet if you let them run around in the park or the woods. Toxic substances may also be deliberately left behind to cause pet poisoning. In this case, monitor the animal and warn your vet of any symptoms you find.
Poisoning in dogs and cats is a real threat, but with awareness and prompt action, you can protect your furry friends from this dangerous situation. Remember to consult your veterinarian if you suspect poisoning and follow preventive procedures to keep your four-legged friends safe. The health and safety of your pets depend on your constant attention and awareness.
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